Metastatic anticancer activity is investigated on MG63 cell-infused mice, the Dox-loaded Sr,Fe-HAp reveals enhanced activity. The high aspect ratio of the nanorods, biocompatibility of the modified chitosan, ability of β-CD cavity to encapsulate Dox, and targeting ligand attachment can work in unison to selectively destroy cancer cells. Thus, the Sr,Fe-HAp nanorods are a promising candidate for targeted delivery of Dox.
The need for Fe- and Se-incorporated HAp and the design of smart polymeric material in the above line of discussion prompt to develop nanocarriers with a HAp core and a Chi-based polymeric coating. In this paper, we discuss novel hybrids of strontium ferrite , Sr-doped HAp (Sr-HAp), and Sr- and Fe-doped HAp (Sr,Fe-HAp) NPs with chitosan-β-CD-platinum-folate as a carrier for doxorubicin anticancer drug carriers. Doxorubicin , a popular chemotherapeutic drug, known as anthracycline, is active against cancer cells by slowing or stopping their growth by blocking topoisomerase 2, an enzyme that is essential for cancer cells to divide and grow. The dimensions and morphologies of the Chi-CD-Pt-fol-coated Sr–Fe, Sr-HAp, and Sr–Fe-HAp were determined using recording bright-field TEM images of the samples (shown in Fig. 1B-D).
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The drug loading contents were 3.2 ± 0.8, 3.4 ± 0.6, and 3.6 ± 0.9, respectively, for Chi-CD-Pt-fol-coated Sr–Fe, Sr-HAp, and Sr-HAp NPs. The cumulative release of Dox at 48 hours is 70, 63, and 60%, respectively, from Sr–Fe, Sr-HAp, and Sr,Fe-HAp NPs at pH 7.4. The sustained release is essential for the maintenance of therapeutic efficiency and defying the acquisition of drug resistance by the tumor. The results reveal that NPs are good candidates for drug delivery. 2 depicts the FT-IR spectra of various Chi-CD-Pt-fol-coated NPs. Band is centered at 1626 cm−1 that has shifted to a lower wavenumber compared to that of the as-synthesized polymers (discussed in the ‘Materials’ section). In addition to the bond vibrations corresponding to the Chi-CD-Pt-fol and the Pt–N str.
The Sr–Fe NPs are perceived as single-crystalline distorted hexagonal structures. The size of the NPs is in the range of 90 (±20) nm and 60 (±10) nm across, as observed from the TEM images. Due to the high and low contrasts respectively of the Sr–Fe NPs and Chi-CD-Pt-fol between them and the grid, the polymer coating is not clearly seen on the nanostructures. The size and shape of the Sr-HAp NPs are strikingly different from those of the Sr–Fe NPs as shown in Fig. 1C. The structure is formed as nanowhiskers of length 160 (±20) nm and width 8 (±2) nm.
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Taken together, these data show that the growth patterns of cancer cells implanted intra-medullary were similar to those encountered in bone cancer patients.54 The Dox-loaded nanoformulations were characterized by observing the induced bone tumor cells. In the distal tumor cells, after the administration with formulation of polymer-coated and Dox-loaded NPs, namely, Sr-HAp-Dox and Sr,Fe-HAp-Dox, the observed cells were loosely arranged (Fig. 8). A few red blood cells appeared in the case of Sr-HAp-Dox, Sr-HAp, and Sr,Fe-Hap, respectively. In the cases of Dox, Sr–Fe, and Sr,Fe-HAp-Dox, the red blood cells were found to disappear. In contrast to the histopathology experiment, the standard drug Dox was identified as being moderately active against tumor cells. Finally, the antitumor activity of Sr,Fe-HAp-Dox against highly metastatic models of MG-63 delineates interesting chemotherapeutic potential for this formulation in this disease alone and in combination with other active chemotherapeutic agents.
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It enables the loading of Dox and thus receptor-mediated drug-targeting. The nanocarriers possess a size in the range suitable for prolonged residence in the circulatory system. The proven enhanced loading and sustained release of Dox is another advantage of nanocarriers. Furthermore, the Sr-HAp attains a magnetic property stronger than paramagnetism with the incorporation of Fe in Sr-HAp, i.e. Several nanocarriers consist of an inorganic NP core and a polymer sheath around it.
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